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Anxiety Treatments Medication Anxiety can hinder your daily life, so it's crucial to seek assistance if you are suffering from severe anxiety. Treatment options include lifestyle changes like reducing stress and getting regular physical exercise. Your doctor may suggest psychological therapy. FDA approved a variety of medications to treat anxiety disorders. These include SSRIs and SNRIs that affect the neurotransmitter serotonin. Anticonvulsants such as pregabalin can help reduce anxiety by affecting GABA receptors. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines help to calm the nervous system by acting on it. They work by enhancing the effects of a neurotransmitter in the brain known as gamma aminobutyric acids (GABA). GABA inhibits nerve activity in the brain and spinal cord and assists in reducing anxiety. In contrast to antidepressants that can take a long time to begin working, benzodiazepines are able to relieve anxiety symptoms almost immediately. Benzodiazepines are high-risk drugs for abuse and dependence. This is due to the fact that the body adjusts to benzodiazepines through regular use which can lead to physical dependency. Despite the risk, benzodiazepines are an effective treatment for anxiety when other methods are not available or do not provide relief. It is crucial to talk with your physician prior to taking benzodiazepines. They will be able to help you identify the root of your anxiety and suggest other treatments that may be more appropriate. For example therapy that involves talking, such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and exposure therapy can help to address the root cause of anxiety and teach you how to manage your anxiety. Benzodiazepines don't typically come first in the treatment of anxiety disorders because they can have harmful effects when combined with other drugs or alcohol. They can also be addictive, and they have a high risk of overdose. The first benzodiazepines, chlordiazepoxide, (Librium, Limbitrol), were introduced in 1950, followed by diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan). All of these drugs come with a black box warning, indicating that they can cause serious or life-threatening side effects, such as severe sleepiness, breathing problems or coma and even death if taken in combination with opioids or illegal substances. SSRIs SSRIs are a category of antidepressant medicines that are usually the first choice for people who suffer from anxiety. drugs to treat anxiety increase the levels of specific chemical messengers, namely serotonin (and norepinephrine) in the brain. They also regulate other vital chemicals such as those that regulate sleep and mood and decrease stress hormones in the body. The most frequently prescribed SSRI for anxiety is fluoxetine, which is more commonly known by its brand name Prozac. Other SSRIs include Lexapro, Zoloft, and Paxil and SNRIs include Effexor XR, Cymbalta, and Pristiq. Although experts aren't certain how SSRIs can help alleviate anxiety, they do know that these medications improve the way your brain works. They boost BDNF (brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor) levels, increase the number of the number of glial cells (brain cells that support, nourish and protect neurons) and boost serotonin levels. It's not clear what the precise mechanism of action of these supplements is however it could be a combination of elements. As with other medications, SSRIs can take 1 month to begin working and require frequent treatment to keep the benefits. They can trigger side reactions, like nausea and diarrhea. They can also result in low sodium levels in certain people, and can affect libido for some men. Your doctor will determine the amount of time you should take them, depending on your condition and other treatments you're taking. They may recommend that you keep taking them for a period of 6 to 12 months or work with you to decrease the dosage and stop the meds. They may also suggest other therapies, like psychotherapy or supplements and herbs that treat anxiety-related symptoms such as Vistaril for itching or the chamomile herb for sleep. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers, also known as beta-adrenergic blockers, prevent adrenaline from binding to your heart's receptors. This allows your heart to relax and lowers blood pressure. They are typically prescribed for anxiety and can be an excellent alternative to traditional psychiatric medications that carry some negative side effects. While beta-blockers may help to alleviate physical symptoms of anxiety, they do not solve the mental causes of your stress. They are generally used to deal with specific situations that trigger anxiety, like public speaking or flying. They may be used in conjunction with therapy to treat the underlying anxiety disorder or used on their own as a long-term daily medication. Due to their method of operation, beta blockers can have a number of adverse effects, such as hypotension and bradycardia. They can also cause you to feel shaken and sweaty. Certain people suffering from asthma, COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) or diabetes should not take them. Despite the negative side effects, beta blockers are still extensively studied and used. They've been available for decades and are considered to be safe for adults. They are also fairly inexpensive and accessible compared to other drugs. For a lot of people taking them, the risk of adverse effects is worth the trade-off in order to maximize their effectiveness. Beta-blockers are an excellent option for those suffering from mild to moderate anxiety. They can be more effective than benzodiazepines, which are best for those suffering from life-threatening or severe anxiety disorders. They can't address the root of your problem, and are recommended for short-term anxiety such as prior to an important event such as a flight or speech. They can help you sleep better and they can also regulate your blood sugar. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), block the enzyme responsible for breaking down monoamine neurotransmitters. They block the breakdown of serotonin, melatonin, epinephrine, and norepinephrine in the neurons and increase their ability to transmit. They are mostly used in the form of antidepressants, but they also have some efficacy in anxiety disorders. They can be used as a stand-alone or in conjunction with other medication. They can also be used to treat Parkinson's disease and other ailments. Eugenol, an essential oil, can be found in the bud, leaves, and stems of clove (Syzygium Aromaticum) and the bark of cinnamon. Eugenol has been shown to have MAOI inhibitory activity in a test tube, and could interact with these medications. MAOIs can cause serious adverse effects and aren't often the first drug doctors prescribe to treat anxiety or depression. They are typically prescribed to patients who have not had a response to other medications. They can also be used to treat many other disorders like Parkinson's disease and fibromyalgia. They can lead to low blood pressure when standing in a sitting or lying position, which is called orthostatic hypotension. MAOIs are commonly used to treat anxiety disorders, atypical depression, and tranylcypromine. Phenelzine has only a few studies on panic disorder and is the medication of choice for atypical depression, while tranylcypromine is been praised for its positive adverse effects. These medications aren't as potent as SSRIs however they can be helpful in treating certain types anxiety and depression disorders. The older MAOIs may not be as secure as the more recent Reversible MAOIs, such as selegiline and Moclobemide. They are also more effective than older MAOIs in increasing the levels of monoamines that are involved in depressive disorders. They are less likely to trigger hypertension, but they still have a risk of developing dependence on drugs. Buspirone Combining therapy with medication is the most effective way to combat anxiety. Certain medications can ease symptoms, but they should only be used under the supervision of a physician. There are a myriad of medications that can be used to treat anxiety. They may work differently for each individual. To find the right medicine for you, speak to your doctor and explain your symptoms. Buspirone is an FDA-approved anxiety medication, works by regulating neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin. It reduces mood and anxiety symptoms without any sedation. It is less likely to be more habit-forming than other sedatives, such as benzodiazepines. This makes it an excellent choice for people who are trying to control their anxiety but don't want to use drugs like Xanax. SSRIs or SNRIs are often the first option for treating generalized anxiety disorder. These antidepressants are able to regulate mood and boost serotonin levels. They are usually used as a part of anxiety-related medications like benzodiazepines. They aren't usually prescribed for prolonged periods of time as they can be addictive and cause adverse effects like drowsiness. Psychological treatments for GAD such as medication have been proven to be efficient on a short-term basis and can improve the results over time. These include cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT), art or creative therapy and exposure therapy. Psychological therapy can help patients develop strategies to manage depression and anxiety. This will allow them to live a more fulfilling life and reduce symptoms. A majority of these treatments are accessible online, and some may be covered by your insurance. For example, Brightside is an online therapy service that provides a range of depression and anxiety treatments that include CBT.